Thursday, June 30, 2011

When things that shouldn't teach teach!

My Experience with English Writing

I started reading English novels when I was a tween. Once I started, I was insatiable. Every book in the house was read from cover to cover, regardless of its contents. I read a lot of good stuff, classics, and a lot of stuff that perhaps I could have done without at that age.

But I had a tough time expressing myself in writing. I would be like a block of wood faced with English writing assignments. Part of the reason was that English was my second language- we did not speak in English either at home or at school. Whenever we would get English writing assignments, I would beg my mother to help. She, a busy doctor teacher, almost always obliged. I don't remember her ever saying that I should do them myself. It was perhaps because I asked for very little else. I was always surprised to see how quickly and effortlessly she would write out the essay or paragraph, as we used to call it.

One day when I was in the Seventh grade, we got an assignment to write a story in the present tense. A story! In present tense! This block of wood suddenly becomes a block of stone! :)

Once again I turned to mummy. She sat with me that evening and dictated a story about a boy in a desolate house in the wilderness, who senses something or someone entering his house and giving him company. The present tense in the story made it most magical and sad. It touched something deep inside me and I read the story many times, wondering how so much beauty could be created by words strung together by this wonderful woman. I looked at her with awe and adoration. The next day, my(!) story was selected as the best story and I won a prize. Although elated, I was ashamed at claiming it to be mine when it was my mother who had written it. But I felt flushed with pride too because I had never gotten so much attention from the English teacher I used to adore.

That was the last time I asked my mother for help in writing anything. The mixture of the first-hand view of a story being created, my intense appreciation of it, my awe for the writer, the attention I received, and the guilt I felt had done its trick and melted the block of wood into wax! I have been writing effortlessly since then. Having someone else write your assignment for you and taking credit for it shouldn't have triggered learning a skill, but it did!

Atreya's Experience with Hindi Numbers

Another example of an unusual trigger for learning happened with my son Atreya. He studies in the Singapore educational system, which insists on everyone learning their mother tongue. For Atreya it meant learning Hindi. Although he understood Hindi quite well and spoke a little too, learning Hindi as a subject was very tough for him. In his case, living in Singapore, Hindi was less his mother tongue and more his second language.

One of the toughest things about Hindi is the numbers. Unlike English, every single number from 1 to 100 in Hindi has a unique word for it. You can't just combine two words in a logical way to form a number as in English (e.g 36 in English is a combination of two known words: Thirty and Six) ; instead you have to remember 100 unique words, one for each number. So, there is almost nothing in common between any two numbers, say 51 and 61, and it is impossible to extrapolate like you can in English. It's a mind boggling thing to learn these words for 100 numbers when you never use them in your daily life. Atreya struggled. I know because I tried to work with him and help him see the oblique logic and similarity between words, but to no avail.

One Saturday, during his weekly Hindi school class test, he was tested on these numbers and did very well. When he told me about it during our nightly high-point low-point chats, he confessed that he had copied the answers from his book. He also said that since the book was under the table and inside his bag, copying the answers without getting caught was a lot of hard work. For every number, he had to struggle to find the page in the book, glance quickly at the word, remember it firmly for there was no chance of a second glance, and then write it out on the answer sheet from memory. In the process, he also figured out that there was indeed some similarity between the alien-sounding words and a logic.

Wonder of wonders, Atreya never forgot the hindi words for numbers after that day! The act of copying answers shouldn't have helped him learn them, right? But it did!

Strange how things that seem to be the opposite of good learning practices can become triggers for effective and life-long learning!

Tuesday, June 28, 2011

Conspiracy!

Aloka loves to conspire against her grandma. Her eyes start twinkling at the thought of troubling her nani ma!

Click to view the video.



Monday, June 27, 2011

Design Fatigue: A Deadly Problem in E-Learning Design

What is Design Fatigue?

I recently had the opportunity to go through an online course on an advanced finance-related subject matter. I took out my designer hat (pun unintended) for this task- I couldn't comment on it as a learner because I was not the right audience profile.

As I started going through the course, I was impressed. There were some good design elements, such as a reflection quiz to start each topic, explanatory diagrams and charts at places, good quizzes interspersed in between complex sounding concepts, easy to read and uncluttered pages, interactive presentations, and video interviews with experts on the latest events in the financial world. Someone has spent time and effort in designing this program...I said to myself.

However, into the 7th or the 8th module, I started noticing things that bothered me. The reflection quizzes at the start of the topics didn't seem very thought provoking. There were pages after pages of text only screens with no connection between concepts- it was almost like reading a PPT deck.There were hardly any visual elements. Even the tables looked fuzzy, as if they were made in Word and then imported as screenshots. The interactive presentations, few and far between, had loads of information crammed in them, requiring scrolling even inside cells. Even the videos became long winded and irrelevant. As if the whole course had become tired of itself! 

What happened? Was it just that I had gotten tired? Or was this really design fatigue? I am pretty sure it was the latter because I have been there and done that- I have seen design fatigue setting in front of my eyes in similar projects being handled by my teams.

So what is design fatigue and why does it occur? Since no formal definition exists (I googled it), here is how I define it. Design fatigue in e-learning courses is the gradual and progressive reduction in the instructional quality of a course that started out good.  Although it can set in any type of course, it is more pronounced in courses of duration exceeding 4 hours. :)

Why Design Fatigue?

Some of the reasons for design fatigue are obvious. Designers, both instructional and visual, get physically and mentally tired of doing the same thing and have no avenue for rejuvenation. Their passion to create great learning material dries up after months of working on the project. And there are several external reasons why the passion dries- the project no longer receives the attention it used to, the output of their hard work is buried under hundreds of screens, and no one really cares what the team is doing. 

There are other reasons too, such as QA fatigue. Even customers find it hard to maintain their passion to review and provide inputs modules after modules. Check any review report and you will see that the review comments for the first two modules far outnumber the remaining. Poorly managed projects also receive a lot of pressure to increase productivity at later stages of development. Shrunk production budgets, due to poor estimation, poor control or wasteful production, force Project Managers to push the team for higher productivity and cut corners on QA. Pressure to deliver the project earlier (due to own or customer priorities) also come into play.

The result- short cuts and lip service to great design done at the start of the project.

Can Design Fatigue be Avoided?

The days of long courses are over. More and more customers want shorter courses. And when a program of long duration does come along, there are ways to avoid designer fatigue. I will share examples from two projects where we avoided design fatigue. 


We once developed an 15-hour long online course on Six Sigma. It was divided into 5 sections, one each for Define, Measure, Analyze, Implement and Control. The subject matter was complex and statistical, requiring a lot of research, simplification, and inclusion of instructional activities to convert the base material into an effective self-paced course. We split the course into two main parts, each handled by a separate Senior ID (I was one of them). Work started on both parts simultaneously, so that the section on Define received the same amount of attention as the section on Analyze. To ensure that the two parts worked and looked similar, we encouraged designers to share their work in progress with each other. Even though the purpose was different, this inspired collaborative development and recognition of good work, which in turn kept the creative juices going. The PM managed the project financially from day one, keeping budgets and timeline in check from the start, so there was no last minute panic. Read any module in  this course, from the first to the 24th, and you will find the same high quality of learning experience. No sign of design fatigue here. 

In another case, to develop a 12-hour course for investment analysts, we had three IDs working under a Senior ID, who designed the prototype and set the design standards for the course. Except when continuity from one module to another was important, the three IDs were assigned alternate modules. The instructional and visuals teams shared design strategies and challenges with each other during frequent project huddles. When it was realized that the mind map designed at the prototype stage didn't work very well in some topics, changes were made to it to suit the requirements of the later modules. Instead of pulling along a design element just because it was thought up initially and therefore carved in stone, it was improved and adapted as required. And most importantly, development victories throughout the development phase were shared and celebrated with as much vigor as winning the deal had been. Once again, the course was a great example of consistent high quality of learning experience. No design fatigue here, even though the team was physically exhausted by this very demanding project.

In Conclusion

Design fatigue is a reality in e-learning courses of long duration. Although it is easy to understand why it occurs, allowing it to set in is the biggest disservice a designer can do to learners, who deserve to get the same amount of value from every part of the course, be it the beginning, the middle or the end. Being mindful of it from the start, and making efforts to avoid it, is what responsible development is all about.

U Mandara Ke

When everyone has gone to sleep
I enter the mystic garden
Tentatively, an empty basket in hand

And begin collecting the celestial flowers, Mandarava
Strewn on the grass
Even as more fall from the branches above

For hours I go on, but have nothing to show
For my basket is as bottomless
as my garden is abundant

My arms tiring
My eyes stinging
My breath fading

I go home three hours later
With an empty basket
...but fragrant hands!

Thursday, June 23, 2011

Project Ponytail

The best part of being on sabbatical was the time I got to spend with Atreya and Aloka. And of that time, the most fun was everyday between 11:45 to 11:55am, just before Aloka left for her school. I spent those 10 minutes doing her hair! 

Major decision making had to happen everyday- which hairbands and hair clips will best match, shall we go for a single ponytail, two ponytails or a just clips, should the ponytails be high (like cows in Aloka's words) or placed low etc.

Here are some of the styles I made and captured on camera. Click each to see a larger view. 











Shame on you girls!

Atreya in his new T-shirt I got printed for him today. I had seen a guy wear something like this in one of B2R's centers in Uttarakhand and had been wanting to get it printed since then.


Seriously thinking of getting one printed for myself with "Shame on you guys. I am still single!". 

The journey to ...Chingus!

Mallika aunty--> Mallika nani --> Minga nani --> Minga --> Mingus --> Mingli --> Mingla --> Chingla--> Chingus

Yes, Chingus is the latest name by which Atreya calls Mallika nowadays.